The Giuoco Piano and Evans' Gambit
| Giuoco Piano | Evans' Gambit | |
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Edition 3.18, April, 96
Bibliography:
Kasparov/Keene, Batsford Chess Openings
Levy/Keene, An Opening Repertoire for the Attacking Club Player
Walker, Chess Openings for Juniors
Various magazines and other books
It looks like this:
1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bc4 Bc5 4. Nc3 Nf6 5. d3 d6
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Why does this go wrong? Well, you should know that Plan A in the opening (for White and Black) is to play e4 and d4. If you both play sensibly 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bc4 Bc5 White cannot play d4, so you both continue sensibly 4. Nc3 Nf6 5. d3 d6. Which is where we came in. If you really want to play like this, see the last section, but I don't think it's a good way to play.
Knowing this can happen, you need to know the two great ways to avoid it, which lead to open exciting games:
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This is the main line of the Giuoco Piano. The idea is to play c3, d4 and only after ...exd4,cxd4 do you play Nc3. You then have your old-fashioned centre and good prospects of a quick attack down the centre or on the K-side. I often call this Plan A.
Black can use the temporary weakness of e4 to play 4...Nf6 when it is difficult to stop Black upsetting your plan a little.
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This is the Evans' Gambit, the "gift of the gods to a languishing chess world". After 4...Bxb4, 5. c3 Bc5 6. d4 you have gained a move on Plan A, although you are a Pawn down. The Evans' is more dangerous than the Giuoco Piano - for both sides!
Enterprising chess players still occasionally trot this one out at master level: Bobby Fischer and John Nunn have played it with success.
So, let's have a look at some ideas in these more exciting lines. I'll show you
1. first, the basic ideas
2. secondly, some important traps
3. lastly, some variations
You should read and play over the examples with a board, and do them in the order above: (1) ideas, (2) traps, and only then (3) variations. This is how to study any opening.
bring your Bishop onto the a2-g8 diagonal, eyeing up the tender f7 point
play c2-c3 and d2-d4 to take over the centre
develop your other pieces rapidly, bring your King's Rook to e1. If you have a lead in development, break open lines to get at the Black position
keep the opponent's pieces from settling with central pawn stabs. Usually we say, don't make time-wasting pawn moves, like h2-h3. But if you play e4-e5 attacking a Knight on f6, the Knight has to move, and so you haven't given Black a chance to catch up in development, and you may have dislodged an important defender. It's odd that, because Pawns are worth the least, nothing can resist their attacks!
try and catch the opponent's King in the middle, or, if it escapes by castling, attack on the King's-side.. Usually, only the Evans' Gambit and Moller Attack in the Giuoco Piano are fast enough to catch the King in the middle.
if your attack doesn't come about, fast development and siezing the central files may give you an advantage in the endgame
Because the basic layout is similar for both sides, some of these ideas also apply to playing Black: in addition Black should strive for:
rapid development
castle into safety
counter with ...d5
play for counterattack on the King's-side or an endgame advantage First, I'll show you an example game which includes the ideas I have listed above.
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8...Bb6 9. Re1
The Rook comes to e1, gving the King a Hard Stare.
9...Bg4
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10. Bb2 Qf6 11. e5 dxe5 12. dxe5
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12... Qf4 13. e6 Bxf3
Black hopes to gain time by taking a piece with an attack on the Queen.
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Not a bit of it! - Check stops everything. In fact White never moves the Queen or takes the Bishop!
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14... Kf8 15. fxg8=Q+ Rxg8 16. Ba3+ Ne7 17. Bxe7+
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An exciting game! Let's have a look at each of these ideas again in actual play, and how to play when you are Black.
The way to take over the centre is with your e- and d-pawns. These pawns can make little steps down the middle towards the Black King, and on the way stamp on the toes of the Black pieces to make them jump out of the way!
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7. e5 Stamp!
7...Ng4 8. h3 Stamp!
8...Nh6 9. d5 Stamp!
9...Ne7 10. d6 Stamp!
10...Ng6
The Pawns have marched forward, causing the Black pieces to scatter. Time to develop a piece...
11. Bg5 f6
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White can win a piece, but:
13. Qe2+ Kf8 14. Bxh6# 1-0
Isn't that better than the Giuoco Pianissimo?
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7. dxe5 Ng4 8. Bg5 f6 9. exf6 Nxf6 10. e5
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10... h6 11. exf6 hxg5 12. fxg7 Qe7+ 13. Qe2 1-0
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9... Qc5 10. Na3 Nd4 11. Be3 Nxf3+ 12. Qxf3 Qf8 13. Bxb6 axb6 14. Nb5 Kd8 15. Rac1
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15... d6 16. exd6 cxd6 17. Qe3 Ra6 18. Nc7 Qe7
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19. Ne6+! fxe6 20. Bxa6 Bd7 21. Bb5 Ke8 22. dxe6 Nf6 23. Rc8+ 1-0
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12... Nb6 13. Bd3 Bf5 14. Rxe7 Bxd3 15. Rae1 Bg6 16. Nh4 Nc8
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17. Nxg6 hxg6 18. R7e5 Qxd4 19. Nf3 Qd7 20. Ng5 Nd6
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21. Qb4 f6 22. Re7 Qb5 23. Rxg7+ Kxg7 24. Re7+ Rf7 25. Rxf7+ Nxf7 26. Ne6+ 1-0
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9... Nf6 10. e5 dxe5 11. Ba3
Stops the Black King castling.
11...Bg4 12. Qb3 Bh5 13. dxe5 Ng4 14. Rad1 Qc8
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15. e6 f6 16. Qb5 Bg6 17. Bd5 1-0
1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bc4 Bc5 4. b4 Bxb4 5. c3 Ba5 6. d4 exd4 7. O-O dxc3
"A little too greedy", said Modern Chess Openings, and Fischer agreed.
8. Qb3 Qe7 9. Nxc3
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9... Nf6 10. Nd5 Nxd5 11. exd5 Ne5 12. Nxe5 Qxe5 13. Bb2 Qg5
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14. h4 Qxh4 15. Bxg7 Rg8 16. Rfe1+ Kd8 17. Qg3
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Another, conclusive deflection. The Black Queen cannot defend the f6 square, so if 17...Qg3 18. Bf6 mate.
1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bc4 Bc5 4. b4 Bxb4 5. c3 Ba5 6. d4 exd4 7. O-O d3 8. Qb3 Qf6 9. e5 Qg6 10. Re1 Nge7 11. Ba3 b5 12. Qxb5 Rb8 13. Qa4 Bb6 14. Nbd2 Bb7 15. Ne4 Qf5 16. Bxd3 Qh5 17. Nf6+ gxf6 18. exf6 Rg8
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19. Rad1 Qxf3 20. Rxe7+ Nxe7 21. Qxd7+ Kxd7 22. Bf5+ Ke8 23. Bd7+ Kf8 24. Bxe7# 1-0
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6... Bb6 7. e5 d5 8. exf6 dxc4 9. b5 Na5
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10. Qe2+ Be6 11. fxg7 Rg8 12. Nxd4 Bxd4 13. cxd4 Qxd4 14. Bb2
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14... Qd3 15. Bf6 Qg6 16. Qf3 Rxg7 17. Nd2
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17... Qxg2 18. Qa3 1-0
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11. d6 cxd6 12. Nd5 Nac6 13. Nxe7+ Nxe7 14. Qxd6 Re8 15. Rc1 Ba5+
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16. Kf1 Kf8 17. Qf4 d5 18. Bb5 Bd7 19. Ne5
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19... Bxb5+ 20. Kg1 f5 21. exf5 Qb6 22. f6 Ng8 23. f7 Rec8 24. fxg8=Q+ Kxg8 25. Qf7+
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25... Kh8 26. Rxc8+ Rxc8 27. Qxd5 h6 28. Nf7+ Kh7 29. Qf5+ Qg6 30. Qxc8 Qb1+ 31. Qc1 Qf5 32. Be3 Qxf7 33. Qb1+ 1-0
12. Rfe1 c6 13. a4
Fritz knows about several alternatives here: h6, Qb6,Qb7, Rb8, b6 and so on. Littlewood's opponent found a new one, but the decentralising ...Qa5 does little towards getting Black's position sorted.
13... Qa5 14. Ne4 Rd8 15. Ne5 Nf5 16. Qd3 Be6 17. Ng5 g6 18. Qh3 Nd6 19. Qxh7+
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19... Kf8 20. Nxe6+ fxe6 21. Bxd5 and Nxg6+ 1-0
This was one of eight games played blindfold by Paul - that is, he played by calling out moves to eight opponents, each of whom had a board!
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14. Nxh7! Kxh7 15. Rh4+ Kg8 16. Qh5 f5 17. Re1 Ng6 18. Rh3 f4 19. Re6 Rf6
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20. Qh7+ Kf8 21. Qh8+ Nxh8 22. Rxh8+ Kf7 23. Rxd8 c6 24. Ree8 Bd7 25. dxc6+ Be6 26. Bxe6+ Rxe6 27. Rxa8 Rxe8 28. Rxe8 Kxe8 29. cxb7 1-0
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9. Nxf7 Kxf7 10. Qf3+ Ke6 11. Ba3 Bb6 12. Re1 Na5
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13. Rxe5+! Kxe5 14. d4+ Ke6 15. g4 g6 16. Qe4+ Kf7 17. Bxd5+ Kg7 18. Be7 Re8 19. Qe5+ Kh6 20. g5+ Kh5 21. Bf3+ Bg4 22. Qg3 Qd7 23. Qh3# 1-0
This too was one of a number of games played by Morphy without sight of the board.
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20... Qb6 21. Qb2 O-O-O
Told you!
22. b5 Rf8 23. a4 Qa5 24. Rc1 Qxa4 25. bxc6 b6 26. Bb5 Qe4 27. c7 Kb7 28. Qa3 a5 29. Qxd6
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1-0
The ...d5 break is crucial, releasing the Bc8 and getting a share of the centre (or at least breaking up White's pawns). This goes some way to solving both problems. If you can play ...d5 as Black without immediate disaster you usually get an even game at least.
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7... d5 8. exd6 Qxd6 9. O-O Nge7 10. Ng5 O-O 11. Bd3
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11... Bf5 12. Bxf5 Nxf5 13. Ba3 Qg6 14. Bxf8 Qxg5 15. Ba3 dxc3 16. Bc1 Qg6 17. Bf4 Rd8 18. Qc2 Ncd4 19. Qe4
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11... O-O 12. Rxe4
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...And the ...d5 blow recovers the piece.
13. Rf4 dxc4 14. Qa4 c3 15. bxc3 Bxc3 16. Rb1 Qd3
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17. Rbb4
[17. Qb3 Rb8 18. Rd4 Rxb3 19. Rxd3 Rxb1]
17... Ba6 18. Rbc4 Bxc4 19. Rxc4 Rab8 0-1
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12... Bxf2+ 13. Ke2
[13. Kxf2 Ng4+ 14. Kf1 Qxg5 15. Bxa8 Qc1+ 16. Ke2 Qxh1]
13... Rb8 14. Rf1 Rb2+ 15. Nd2
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15... Nxe4! 16. Qxe4 Qxg5 17. Kxf2 Bf5 18. Qf3 Bg4 19. Qe4 d5 0-1
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8. d5 Ne7 9. Qd3 d6 10. h3 Ng6 11. Nh2 Nh5 12. Bb3 Ngf4 13. Bxf4 Nxf4 14. Qf3 f5
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